The base upon which a structure is
built. A foundation has three basic
functions.
To transmit the weight of the
structure from the above-grade walls and
floors down to the footings.
To resist the lateral pressure of
the soil on the outside of the basement
and act as a retaining wall.
To carry the weight of the structure
below the frost line to prevent frost
heaving.
Typical materials include stone, brick,
poured concrete, concrete block, cinder
block, clay tile, and wood. Most of these
materials behave in similar fashion, with
wood foundations being the exception.
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